Current Affairs 12/11/2025
1. COP30 climate summit 2025 is hosted in which city?
Answer : Belem
COP30 Climate Summit 2025 to be Hosted in Belém, Brazil
The upcoming COP30 Climate Summit 2025 will be hosted in Belém, a vibrant city in the Amazon region of Brazil. This prestigious global event, organized under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), will bring together world leaders, environmental experts, and policymakers to discuss strategies for tackling climate change.
Hosting COP30 in Belém holds deep symbolic and practical significance. The Amazon rainforest, often called the “lungs of the Earth,” plays a crucial role in regulating the global climate. By choosing Belém as the venue, the international community aims to emphasize the importance of protecting tropical forests and promoting sustainable development in one of the planet’s most vital ecosystems.
The summit will focus on reviewing global progress toward achieving the Paris Agreement goals, accelerating efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and ensuring financial and technological support for developing countries in their climate adaptation initiatives.
Belém’s hosting of COP30 marks a milestone moment for Brazil, reaffirming its commitment to environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, and global climate leadership.
2. Which Indian frigate reached Guam for Exercise Malabar-2025?
Answer : INS Sahyadri
INS Sahyadri Participates in Exercise Malabar-2025 at Guam
The Indian Navy’s indigenously built stealth frigate INS Sahyadri has reached Guam, USA, to take part in the prestigious Exercise Malabar-2025. This annual multinational naval exercise involves the Quad nations — India, the United States, Japan, and Australia — and aims to enhance interoperability, maritime cooperation, and regional security across the Indo-Pacific.
INS Sahyadri, a Shivalik-class guided-missile frigate, showcases India’s technological advancement in naval warfare. Designed and built in India, the vessel is equipped with sophisticated sensors and weapon systems capable of performing a wide range of missions, including anti-air, anti-surface, and anti-submarine operations.
During the exercise, participating navies will conduct complex drills such as tactical maneuvers, gunnery firing, air-defense exercises, and coordinated patrols. The deployment of INS Sahyadri highlights India’s commitment to maintaining a free, open, and rules-based Indo-Pacific, while reinforcing the strong defense partnership among the Quad members.
The participation in Malabar-2025 further strengthens India’s maritime diplomacy and demonstrates its growing role as a key security provider in the region.
3. Schools in Delhi-NCR entered which GRAP stage due to poor air quality?
Answer : Stage III
Delhi-NCR Schools Enter GRAP Stage III Amid Rising Air Pollution
Schools across Delhi-NCR have entered Stage III of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) as air quality levels deteriorated to the ‘severe’ category. The decision was taken by authorities to protect students’ health and curb further pollution in the region.
Under GRAP Stage III, several stringent measures come into effect, including closure of primary schools, restrictions on construction activities (except essential projects), and a ban on older diesel vehicles. The Delhi government and neighboring NCR administrations have also advised citizens to limit outdoor activities and use public transport whenever possible.
The GRAP framework, implemented by the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM), is designed to tackle pollution in phases, depending on the severity of the Air Quality Index (AQI). Stage III is triggered when the AQI remains in the 401–450 range, reflecting extremely unhealthy air conditions.
Authorities continue to monitor the situation closely, emphasizing the need for collective action and sustainable urban practices to combat the recurring air pollution crisis in the national capital region.
4. PM Modi began his 2025 bilateral visit to which country?
Answer : Bhutan
PM Modi Begins 2025 Bilateral Visit to Bhutan to Strengthen Strategic Partnership
Prime Minister Narendra Modi began his bilateral visit to Bhutan in 2025, marking an important step in reinforcing India’s longstanding partnership with the Himalayan nation. The visit aims to deepen cooperation in key areas such as energy, trade, education, digital connectivity, and cultural exchange.
During the visit, both nations are expected to discuss expanding collaboration in hydropower projects, a cornerstone of India–Bhutan relations, along with new initiatives to promote sustainable development and regional stability.
Prime Minister Modi’s visit underscores India’s “Neighbourhood First” policy, which prioritizes strong and mutually beneficial ties with neighboring countries. Several agreements and memorandums of understanding (MoUs) are anticipated to be signed, focusing on infrastructure development, youth engagement, and technological advancement.
This visit not only reaffirms the deep-rooted friendship between India and Bhutan but also reflects the shared vision of both nations for peace, prosperity, and sustainable progress in the South Asian region.
5. 150 years of tribal uprising campaign is named what?
Answer : Dharti Aaba Jan Bhagidari Abhiyan
Government Launches “Dharti Aaba Jan Bhagidari Abhiyan” to Mark 150 Years of Tribal Uprising
The Government of India has launched the “Dharti Aaba Jan Bhagidari Abhiyan” to commemorate 150 years of the Tribal Uprising, celebrating the courage, sacrifice, and contribution of India’s tribal communities to the nation’s freedom struggle.
The campaign is named after “Dharti Aaba” Birsa Munda, the legendary tribal freedom fighter and social reformer from Jharkhand, who led a significant movement against British colonial rule in the late 19th century. The initiative aims to honor tribal heritage, promote community participation, and highlight the government’s ongoing efforts toward tribal welfare and empowerment.
Under this campaign, various programs and cultural events will be organized across tribal regions, focusing on education, healthcare, livelihood development, and preservation of indigenous traditions. The campaign also seeks to raise awareness about the pivotal role of tribal leaders in shaping India’s identity and resilience.
The “Dharti Aaba Jan Bhagidari Abhiyan” stands as a national tribute to the spirit of India’s tribal heroes and reinforces the government’s commitment to inclusive and participatory development.
6. Which state declared “Mahua flower” as its heritage flower?
Answer : Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh Declares Mahua Flower as Its Heritage Flower
The Government of Chhattisgarh has declared the Mahua flower (Madhuca longifolia) as the state’s heritage flower, acknowledging its profound cultural, ecological, and economic importance. The decision highlights the flower’s strong connection with the tribal traditions and rural livelihoods of the state.
The Mahua tree, revered as a symbol of prosperity and sustenance, is deeply rooted in the lives of Chhattisgarh’s tribal communities. Its flowers are used for preparing traditional foods and beverages, while the seeds provide oil with both nutritional and medicinal properties. The tree also contributes to local economies through its diverse uses in handicrafts, natural products, and sustainable forest-based livelihoods.
Declaring Mahua as the heritage flower is a step toward preserving indigenous culture and biodiversity. The initiative aligns with the state’s broader efforts to promote environmental conservation, strengthen tribal welfare, and recognize traditional ecological knowledge.
This move not only celebrates the Mahua’s ecological value but also reaffirms Chhattisgarh’s commitment to protecting its natural heritage and empowering its tribal communities through inclusive and sustainable development.
7. When is National Education Day celebrated?
Answer : 11 November
National Education Day – Honouring the Architect of Modern Indian Education
National Education Day is observed every year on 11th November to commemorate the birth anniversary of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, India’s first Minister of Education. The day recognizes his remarkable contribution to shaping the foundation of India’s education system after independence.
Maulana Azad was a visionary leader who strongly believed that education is the key to national development and social transformation. During his tenure (1947–1958), he emphasized the importance of universal primary education, adult literacy, and the promotion of scientific knowledge. Under his leadership, several premier institutions such as the University Grants Commission (UGC), Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), and Sahitya Akademi were established.
National Education Day serves as a reminder of the vital role education plays in building an equitable and progressive society. Schools, colleges, and universities across the country organize seminars, debates, essay competitions, and workshops on this occasion to highlight the value of education and the need for continuous learning.
In essence, the celebration of National Education Day not only pays tribute to Maulana Azad’s enduring legacy but also reaffirms India’s commitment to providing inclusive and quality education for all.