Current Affairs 29/12/2025
1. Which state government made Khasi and Garo languages compulsory till Class 1?
Answer : Meghalaya
Meghalaya Makes Khasi and Garo Languages Compulsory in Early Education
The Government of Meghalaya has taken a significant step in strengthening foundational education by making Khasi and Garo languages compulsory up to Class 1 in schools across the state. This policy aligns with the principles of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which emphasizes mother-tongue–based learning in the early years.
The move is aimed at improving cognitive development and comprehension skills among young learners, as children grasp concepts more effectively when taught in their native language. By introducing Khasi and Garo at the foundational level, the government seeks to create a strong educational base while reducing early learning gaps.
Beyond academic benefits, the initiative also plays a crucial role in the preservation and promotion of indigenous languages and cultural heritage. Khasi and Garo are integral to the identity of Meghalaya’s tribal communities, and their inclusion in formal education helps ensure their continued relevance for future generations.
Overall, this policy reflects Meghalaya’s commitment to inclusive, culturally rooted, and child-centric education, setting an example for regional language promotion within the formal schooling system.
2. Where was the world’s largest anti-corruption conference held?
Answer : Doha
World’s Largest Anti-Corruption Conference Held in Doha
The world’s largest anti-corruption conference was held in Doha, Qatar, marking a major global effort to strengthen transparency, accountability, and international cooperation in the fight against corruption. The conference brought together government leaders, policymakers, international organizations, civil society representatives, and experts from across the world.
The event served as a key platform to discuss best practices, legal frameworks, and innovative strategies to combat corruption in public administration, finance, governance, and development sectors. Special focus was placed on international collaboration, asset recovery, prevention mechanisms, and the role of technology in enhancing transparency.
Hosting the conference in Doha highlighted Qatar’s growing role in global governance dialogues and its commitment to supporting international anti-corruption initiatives. The discussions and resolutions adopted during the conference are expected to contribute significantly to strengthening global anti-corruption policies and institutional reforms.
Overall, the Doha conference reaffirmed the global consensus that combating corruption is essential for sustainable development, good governance, and public trust in institutions.
3. Which language was recently included in the constitutional languages of India?
Answer : Santhali
Santhali Included in the Constitutional Languages of India
The Santhali language was recently included among the constitutional languages of India, marking a significant milestone in the recognition of the country’s rich linguistic diversity. With this inclusion, Santhali became part of the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, which lists the officially recognized languages of the nation.
Santhali is widely spoken by the Santhal tribal community, primarily across Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, and parts of Chhattisgarh. The language has its own script, Ol Chiki, and a rich tradition of oral literature, folklore, and cultural expression.
The constitutional recognition of Santhali has strengthened efforts toward linguistic preservation, cultural identity, and inclusive governance. It enables greater use of the language in education, competitive examinations, administration, and official communication, thereby improving access and representation for Santhali-speaking communities.
Overall, the inclusion of Santhali reflects India’s commitment to protecting indigenous languages and promoting cultural inclusivity within the constitutional framework.
4. Where was the Anti-Terrorism Conference 2025 held?
Answer : New Delhi
Anti-Terrorism Conference 2025 Held in New Delhi
The Anti-Terrorism Conference 2025 was held in New Delhi, reaffirming India’s central role in global efforts to counter terrorism. The conference brought together senior government officials, security experts, policymakers, diplomats, and representatives of international organizations to deliberate on emerging terrorist threats and coordinated responses.
Key discussions focused on counter-radicalization strategies, intelligence sharing, border security, cyber-terrorism, terror financing, and the misuse of emerging technologies by extremist groups. The conference emphasized the importance of multilateral cooperation, robust legal frameworks, and capacity building to effectively combat terrorism in all its forms.
Hosting the conference in New Delhi underscored India’s commitment to zero tolerance against terrorism and its advocacy for a comprehensive international approach rooted in rule of law, human rights, and collective security. The outcomes of the conference are expected to strengthen policy coordination and operational cooperation among participating nations.
Overall, the Anti-Terrorism Conference 2025 served as a vital platform to advance global consensus and actionable strategies for a safer and more secure world.
5. Where will the 40th Asian Waterbird Census be conducted?
Answer : Godavari River Mouth
40th Asian Waterbird Census to Be Conducted at the Godavari River Mouth
The 40th Asian Waterbird Census (AWC) will be conducted at the Godavari River Mouth, one of India’s most ecologically significant wetland regions. The census is part of a long-standing international initiative aimed at monitoring the population, distribution, and conservation status of waterbirds across Asia and Australasia.
The Godavari River Mouth, located along the Andhra Pradesh coast, is a vital habitat for migratory and resident waterbird species, including pelicans, flamingos, herons, egrets, and various shorebirds. Its rich deltaic ecosystem provides crucial feeding and breeding grounds, making it an ideal site for large-scale bird monitoring.
The Asian Waterbird Census plays a key role in wetland conservation, as the data collected helps governments, conservation organizations, and researchers assess ecosystem health, identify threatened species, and frame evidence-based conservation policies. It also contributes to global biodiversity databases and supports international agreements related to wildlife protection.
By hosting the 40th AWC at the Godavari River Mouth, India reinforces its commitment to biodiversity conservation, wetland protection, and citizen science, highlighting the ecological importance of river deltas and coastal wetlands in sustaining migratory bird populations.
6. Which state made newspaper reading compulsory in government schools?
Answer : Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh Makes Newspaper Reading Compulsory in Government Schools
The Uttar Pradesh government has made newspaper reading compulsory in government schools as part of an initiative to strengthen students’ reading habits, general awareness, and language skills. The measure is designed to encourage daily engagement with current affairs and improve comprehension abilities among schoolchildren.
Through this initiative, students are expected to read newspapers regularly under the guidance of teachers, followed by discussions and activities that help them understand social, economic, and civic issues. This approach supports the development of critical thinking, vocabulary, and analytical skills, while also fostering an informed and responsible outlook from an early age.
The decision aligns with broader educational reforms aimed at holistic learning and experiential education, complementing textbook-based instruction. It also helps bridge the gap between classroom learning and real-world events, making education more relevant and practical.
Overall, Uttar Pradesh’s move reflects a commitment to innovative teaching practices that promote literacy, awareness, and active learning in government schools.
7. From where did DRDO test the K-4 ballistic missile?
Answer : INS Arihant (Visakhapatnam)
DRDO Tests K-4 Ballistic Missile from INS Arihant
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully tested the K-4 ballistic missile from INS Arihant, India’s indigenously built nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, based at Visakhapatnam.
The K-4 is a submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) with an operational range of about 3,500 km, significantly enhancing India’s strategic deterrence capability. The test demonstrated the missile’s underwater launch system, guidance accuracy, and reliability, marking an important milestone in India’s defence preparedness.
Conducting the test from INS Arihant underscores the operational readiness of India’s sea-based nuclear deterrent, a crucial component of the country’s nuclear triad—land, air, and sea-based delivery systems. The successful trial reflects India’s growing self-reliance in advanced defence technologies under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.
Overall, the test reinforces India’s status as a capable strategic power and highlights DRDO’s continued progress in strengthening the nation’s maritime security and deterrence posture.