Current Affairs 24/11/2025
1. Recently, where were the 103 gold coins from the Vijayanagara period discovered?
Answer : Tamil Nadu
Discovery of 103 Vijayanagara-Era Gold Coins in Tamil Nadu: A Significant Archaeological Find
In a remarkable archaeological development, 103 gold coins dating back to the Vijayanagara Empire were recently unearthed in Kovilur, located near the Javvadu Hills in Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu. The discovery was made beneath an ancient Shiva temple, shedding new light on the historical and cultural richness of the region.
According to preliminary assessments by archaeologists, the gold coins belong to the 16th-century Vijayanagara period, one of the most prosperous eras in South Indian history known for its flourishing trade, strong administrative systems, and artistic excellence. The coins carry inscriptions and motifs typical of the Vijayanagara rulers, suggesting their circulation during the reign of prominent monarchs.
The find is considered highly valuable not only for its material worth but also for its numismatic and historical significance. Such coins help historians trace economic patterns, royal lineages, minting practices, and trade routes of the medieval South Indian kingdoms. Experts believe that the coins may have been offerings or reserves kept safely within temple premises, a practice commonly observed during ancient and medieval times.
The Archaeological Department has taken possession of the coins for detailed examination, preservation, and authentication. Further excavation and research are expected to continue in and around the site to determine if more artefacts are present.
This discovery underscores Tamil Nadu’s deep historical layers and its longstanding association with major South Indian empires, reaffirming the state’s importance in the archaeological narrative of India.
2. Which country has announced the implementation of the ‘Global Green Tax’ from 2025?
Answer : France
France Announces Implementation of ‘Global Green Tax’ from 2025
France has taken a significant step in its environmental and fiscal policy framework by announcing the implementation of the ‘Global Green Tax’ starting in 2025. The initiative aligns with the country’s long-standing commitment to combating climate change, promoting sustainable development, and supporting global climate financing mechanisms.
The proposed tax is designed to discourage high-carbon activities, enhance climate accountability among industries, and generate additional revenue to support green transition programmes. Although detailed modalities of the tax are yet to be released, it is expected to target sectors with substantial environmental footprints, including aviation, energy-intensive industries, and major multinational corporations operating within the French territory.
France’s move also complements broader international efforts aimed at establishing uniform climate-focused fiscal instruments. By aligning the tax with global environmental objectives, France aims to encourage other nations to adopt similar mechanisms, strengthening worldwide cooperation in climate finance and emission reduction.
With implementation scheduled for 2025, the Global Green Tax is anticipated to play a pivotal role in France’s pursuit of carbon neutrality, enhance its leadership in environmental diplomacy, and contribute to the creation of a more sustainable global economic ecosystem.
3. COP30 Summit 2025 will be held in which country?
Answer : Brazil
Brazil to Host the COP30 Summit in 2025,
Brazil has been officially chosen to host the 30th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) in 2025, marking a significant milestone in global climate diplomacy. The summit will take place in Belém, a historic city in the state of Pará, located at the gateway to the Amazon rainforest—one of the world’s most crucial ecological regions.
Hosting COP30 reflects Brazil’s strategic role in global climate action, particularly given its stewardship of the Amazon, which serves as a vital carbon sink and a cornerstone of global biodiversity. The selection of Belém underscores the urgency of addressing deforestation, promoting sustainable development, and empowering indigenous communities who play an essential role in ecosystem preservation.
The 2025 conference is expected to bring together world leaders, climate experts, policymakers, NGOs, and environmental activists to discuss critical issues such as emission reduction commitments, climate finance, adaptation strategies, and pathways to achieving the targets of the Paris Agreement.
Brazil aims to use this platform to highlight its renewed commitments to environmental protection and to encourage stronger global collaboration. COP30 is anticipated to set the tone for the next phase of international climate goals, making it one of the most impactful climate summits of the decade.
4. India’s first ‘AI Innovation Index’ was released by which institution?
Answer : NITI Aayog
NITI Aayog Releases India’s First ‘AI Innovation Index’
India marked a significant milestone in its technological and policy landscape with the release of the country’s first ‘AI Innovation Index’ by NITI Aayog. The index has been developed to assess the adoption, readiness, and innovation capacity of Artificial Intelligence (AI) across various states and union territories, reflecting India’s growing emphasis on leveraging emerging technologies for national development.
The AI Innovation Index provides a structured framework to evaluate how effectively regions are integrating AI into governance, industry, education, and public service delivery. It examines critical parameters such as digital infrastructure, research output, talent availability, start-up ecosystem strength, and government initiatives promoting AI-driven innovation.
By introducing this index, NITI Aayog aims to identify regional strengths, address technological gaps, and guide future policy planning to ensure balanced AI growth across the nation. The index also serves as a benchmark for states to improve their innovation capabilities and actively contribute to India’s vision of becoming a global AI hub.
The launch of the AI Innovation Index reinforces India’s commitment to technological advancement and signals a strong push toward establishing an inclusive, innovation-driven digital economy.
5. Which Indian state became the first to launch the ‘e-Market Agriculture Platform’?
Answer : Karnataka
Karnataka Becomes the First Indian State to Launch the ‘e-Market Agriculture Platform’
Karnataka has emerged as a national pioneer in agricultural market reforms by becoming the first state in India to launch an ‘e-Market Agriculture Platform’. This landmark initiative reflects the state’s commitment to enhancing transparency, efficiency, and competitiveness within agricultural trading systems.
The platform, developed under the Unified Market Platform (UMP) model, enables farmers to sell their produce through online auctions, ensuring fair price discovery and reducing the dependence on traditional intermediary-driven market structures. By integrating multiple APMC mandis into a unified digital ecosystem, Karnataka successfully modernized agricultural transactions, paving the way for real-time bidding, uniform quality assessment, and direct participation from traders across regions.
The e-Market Agriculture Platform has empowered farmers with better market access, improved price realization, and faster settlement processes. It also strengthened supply chain efficiency by enabling data-driven insights into commodity arrivals, demand patterns, and pricing trends.
Karnataka’s early adoption of this digital marketplace became a model for the national e-NAM (National Agriculture Market) initiative, inspiring other states to digitize their agricultural marketing infrastructure. This forward-looking reform has positioned Karnataka as a leader in agri-tech innovation, contributing significantly to the transformation of India’s agricultural economy.
6. The Miss Universe 2025 winner belonged to which country?
Answer : Mexico
Mexico’s Fátima Bosch Crowned Miss Universe 2025
Mexico achieved a significant milestone on the global stage as Fátima Bosch was crowned Miss Universe 2025, reaffirming the nation’s strong presence in international beauty pageants. The prestigious event brought together contestants from across the globe to compete in categories reflecting not only beauty, but also intellect, confidence, cultural representation, and social awareness.
Fátima Bosch impressed judges and audiences alike with her poised communication, advocacy work, and commitment to community development. Representing Mexico’s rich cultural heritage, she showcased a blend of elegance and purpose-driven leadership throughout the competition. Her victory adds to Mexico’s legacy at the Miss Universe pageant, positioning the country among the top performers in recent years.
As Miss Universe 2025, Bosch is expected to engage in a variety of global initiatives, including campaigns related to education, women’s empowerment, environmental sustainability, and humanitarian outreach. Her win not only brings pride to Mexico but also highlights the evolving role of pageant winners as ambassadors for meaningful social change on the international stage.